Nonresilient socket



Sept. 17,1935. D- l. RE|TER 2,014,699

NONRESILIENT SOCKET Filed Deo. 2l, 1955 Patented Sept. 17, 1935 iJNlTED STATES misses i-ATENT OFFICE 14 Claims.

This invention relates to non-resilient sockets used in connection with the resilient studs of separable snap fasteners and applicable to gloves, pocket-books and the like.

Sockets of this type are made of two pieces, namely, a cap piece and a socket piece, as is shown, for example, in my prior Patent No. 1,894,521, dated January 17, 1933, for Fastener socket.

l0 Difficulty has been experienced heretofore in sockets of the type illustrated in my said prior patent for the reason that theassembly of the two parts of the socket involves the punching A out of a hole in the material to which the socket 15 is secured. The material intended to be punched or sheared out to form the hole is sometimes not completely detached and separated from the remainder of the material, or if completely cut out, is sometimes not removed entirely, in such lo cases, when the eyelet portion of the socket is passed through the hole and forced into the cap portion of the socket, the piece of material interferes with the proper turning over or anging of the open end of the eyelet, thereby causing buckling of the eyelet and the distortion of the stud-engaging neck thereof as is shown in the explanatory view (Fig. 6) of the drawing herein.

Dilculty has also been experienced because of the inaccuracy of the operation of assembling .To the socket parts. The machines for setting the eyelets frequently do not properly align the eyelet with the hole in the material, whereby, either the eyelet when forced into place severs a piece of material on one side of the hole, or if not severed, the material is nevertheless drawn into the path of the eyelet and interferes with and distorts the eyelet to prevent the proper securing of the socket in place. In such cases, the thus distorted socket either fails to properly secure the cap in position or fails to properly engage the stud to give the desired snapping engagement between the socket and the stud, or both of these defects result.

My invention therefore contemplates the provision of a non-resilient socket which may be positively and efficiently assembled regardless of the complete removal of the waste piece from the hole in the material through which the socket is inserted, and regardless of the accuracy of the "J setting operation.

My invention further contemplates the provision of simple and efficient means for securing the cap portion of a socket to the stud-engaging portion thereof, in such a manner as to make it 55 impossible to distort the stud-engaging socket neck, and to insuredependable and proper snapping action at all times.

My invention further contemplates the provision of a one-piece stud-engaging member, provided with a distortable clenching part spaced from the stud-engaging part and adapted to eiciently secure a variety of forms of socket caps in place independent of the irregularities of the hole in the material or the accurate operation of the assembling machine therefor. lo

The various objects of my invention will be clear from the description which follows and from the drawing, in which,

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of my improved installation as it appears when used in connection with a resilient stud of any well known type, such as the Well-known bird cage stud.

Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the same.

Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the cap portion of the socket shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the socket showing the parts thereof partly assembled and ready to be permanently secured together.

Fig. 5 is a similar view of the same showing the clinching part of the stud-engaging member spread into the cap part to secure the socket to the material.

Fig. 6 is an explanatory vertical section of the socket shown in my said prior patent showing how the socket eyelet heretofore used is dis'- 39 torted and made ineliicient when the punching forming the hole in the material is caught by said eyelet during its assembly with the cap.

Fig. '7 is a vertical section of a modied form of my improved socket in which an ordinary washer is substituted for the cap shown in the previous figures.

Fig. 8 is a top plan View of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is an elevational View, partly in section,

of a further modified form of the socket wherein w a pronged washer replaces the plain washer of Figs. 7 and 8. V

Fig. 10 is a vertical section of a modied form of my improved socket wherein the stud-engaging member is provided with a bead adapted to engage and clinch the cap portion in place.

Fig. ll is a similar section of a further modified form of my improved socket showing a modified form of cap which may be used in connection with the stud-engaging member of the socket.

Fig. l2 is a similar View of a further modified form of my improved socket showing an open cap closed by the stud-engaging member. Y

It will be understood that a considerable variety of caps may be used in connection with the stud-engaging member of my improved socket.

Said caps may take the general form, for eX- ample, oi the cap shown in my prior Patent No. 1,894,521, modified as illustrated herein, for eX- ample, in Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 10, or the cap may take the form of the annular disc washer shown in Fig. 7, or the pronged washer shown in Fig. 9, or the smooth-top cap shown in Fig. 1l. In any case, however, I have shown a distortable clinching member having a clinching portion which is adapted to be spread inside of or over the cap to permanently secure the cap to one side of the sheet of material against possible displacement, and have also shown a cap having preferably, a flat peripheral portion surrounding the opening therein through which the clinching member is inserted and adapted to serve as an anvil or die insuring the proper spreading of the clinching member.

It will be understood that my improved socket is adapted to be used with any type of resilient stud. As shown particularly in Fig. l, the birdcage stud I is provided with a flange i6 adapted to engage one face il of a sheet of material i6. Said stud l5 is provided with a slotted bird cage head I3 which is reinforced and held in place by a suitable eyelet 2B. The eyelet 2! is of the well known type, being provided with a ange 2i adapted to engage the face 22 of the sheet of material and further provided with a shaped eyelet portion 23 about which the resilient head I9 is formed, said head being held in place by the flange i6 and being provided with a neck adapted to snap into a socket.

My improved socket, as shown in Fig. l, coinprises a cap member as 24, and a stud-engaging clinching member 25, employed to secure the cap to one face 26 of the sheet 2'! as well as to engage the resilient stud i5 with the proper snap action.

Said clinching member is provided with an annular ange 28 adapted to engage the other face 29 of the sheet 21, and is provided with a tubular clinchng part 39 closed at its upper end by the top 3l.

Said top is imperforate at its central portion, being designed to be engaged by a suitable tool as 32 (Fig. 4) and forced thereby to spread into the cap 24. A series of preferably radial spaced slits (or slots) 33 are made in the outer portion of the top 3 i, said slits continuing downwardly along the sides of the tubular part 3i? to the desired extent. Preferably, the slits (or slots) terminate at or slightly above the upper surface 2B of the sheet 21. A series of yieldable sections 34 are thereby formed in the upper portion of the tubular part 30.

A hole as 35 is made in the sheet 21 through which the clinching member 25 is passed until the flange 28 engages the face 29 of the sheet. The cap having been arranged in place and held against the face 26 of the sheet, the tool 32 is forced against the imperforate portion of the top 3| of the clinching member to force said top in a direction away from the flange 28. 'Ihe yieldable sections 34 are thereby increased in diameter to an amount greater than the opening in the cap and thereby serve to secure the cap and the clinching member to the sheet. It will be noted, as shown in Figs. 1, 5, 7, 9, and 12, that the central portion of the top 3l which is engaged by the tool 32 is forced into convex shape by the pressure or blow upon the tool, and that between said thus convexed part and the rim of the tubular portion is a concave part of the yieldable secpresses the resilient stud l5 on its passage therepast into the socket and nally rests in the neck of said stud, which, when released by the bead, snaps into place with a slight click.

The various forms of caps intended to be used with the clinching member 3G will now be described. Regardless of whether the cap is closed as in Figs. l, 4, 5, 6, and ll, or Whether the cap is open as in Fig. 12, or in the form of a washer, as in Figs. '7, 8 and 9, the cap part adjacent the hole is preferably made substantially flat to provide a comparatively sharp annular edge as Si' adapted to form a resisting line or stationary die or anvil to prevent expansion of that part of the tubular portion 3@ of the clinching member below the yieldable sections 34, and thereby to prevent any possible distortion of the stud-engaging bead 3G during the assembling operation of securing the cap and the clinching member together and to the sheet.

In the form shown in Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 10, the cap 24 may be provided with a substantially iiat slitted part 38 surrounding the opening 3S of the cap through which the clinching mem er is inserted. The top il of the cap is provided with a reentrant concave annular part at lil, adapted to engage the correspondingly concave portion of the top 3l of the clinching member. From the part 33 and between spaced pairs of slits 42 therein are bent a plurality of edged prongs 43 (Fig. 3) adapted to enter the material at a point in spaced relation to the hole 35, and to aid in preventing the flange 28 of the clinching member from pulling out through said hole.

In the form of the cap shown in Fig. 5, the part 33 of the cap is slitted or unslitted as desired, but the prongs 43 are omitted.

As shown in Figs. '7, 8, 9 and 12, a cap of the open type may be used in connection with the clinching member. In Figs. and 8, an annular disc washer lill is employed, said washer being shown as flat, though it will be understood that it may be otherwise shaped if desired, provided that the peripheral portion surrounding the opening therein is substantially flat. The edge 3'! of the washer forms the resisting means for preventing distortion of the stud-engaging part of the clinching member when said member is spread into holding position.

In Fig. 9, the washer 135 is provided with spaced teeth or prongs #l preferably arranged at its outer peripheral edge, said prongs entering the sheet 27 to prevent enlargement of the hole 35 and consequent loosening of the socket.

As shown in Fig. 12, the central closed portion at the top of the cap 2li or Fig. 1 may be omitted to leave a central opening 4l in the top of the cap 48. A portion 3i on top of the clinching member, when forced outwardly, closes said opening li? to give the appearance ci a closed cap on the socket.

Referring to Fig. l0, the clinching member is shown in connection with a cap 2d. Said member is provided, however, with an internal bead 5| arranged above, and of slightly greater diameter than, the stud-engaging bead 36, and providing an external annular recess 52 for the reception of the edge 3l of the cap. Said edge together with the cap is thereby additionally locked to the clinching member, being locked in the recess 52 between the yieldable sections 34 and the remainder oi the tubular portion dil.

In Fig. ll, the cap t3 is continuously convex instead of being provided with the reentrant recess di. It will be understood that the peripheral portion of the cap surrounding the opening therein may be slitted or unslitted or provided with teeth entering the sheet material or not, as desired.

It will be seen that I have provided a simple and emcienttwo-piece socket adapted to insure proper snap action with a cooperating resilient stud, and to be assembled regardless of any interference with the edges of the hole in the material into which it is inserted or of the presence of a disc incompletely separated from the material and well adapted to meet the requirements of practical use.

While I have shown and described certain speeine embodiments of my invention, it will be understood that I do not intend to limit myself thereto but that I desire to claim my invention as broadly as may be permitted by the state of the prior art and the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

' l. In a two-piece socket, a one-piece cap open at one end and adapted to be arranged on one face of the sheet or material to surround an opening in said sheet, a fiat peripheral portion on the cap surrounding the opening therein and adapted to be arranged to surround the opening in the sheet, a reentrant wall on the cap bent inwardly and toward the hat peripheral portieri through an angle greater than 189 to provide a reentrant Wall on the a one-piece olinching member of predetermined axial length and of predetermined diameter before its assembly with the cap, said member having an integral flange adapted to engage the other face of the sheet and having an outstanding tubular portion provided with a closed top, said top, before its assembly with the cap, being outwardly concave and being imperforate at its central part and slitted at its outer part, the slits of said top extending into the tubular portion, and an inwardly projecting 'stud-engaging bead on the clinching member joining and integral with the fiange and the tubular portion, the top of said clinching member being spreadable outwardly by axial pressure on said top past the flat peripheral portion of the cap and outwardly past said reentrant portion of the cap to a diameter greater than said predetermined diameter and greater than the diameter of the opening in the cap to secure the clinching member and the cap to each other and to the sheet While the bead is maintained undistorted by the engagement of said peripheral portion of the cap with said tubular portion of the clinching member, the reentrant wall of the cap and the top of the clinching member cooperating to hold said cap and clinching member in place on the sheet. Y Y

2. Ina two-piece socket, a hollow one-piece clinohing member having a sheet-engaging iiange, a cylindrical tubular portion extending from said flange and closed at the top, part of the closed top and the upper part of the tubular por- "tion being slitted, an inwardly extending studengaging bead at the juncture of the tubular portion and the flange and of less internal diameter than that of the tubular portion, the closed top of said clinching member being convex toward the fiange prior to the assembly of the clinching member in the socket, and a metallic member for securing the olinching member to a sheet, said securing member having an opening therein of substantially the diameter of the tubular portion for the reception of the clinching member and having a substantially flat peripheral portion surrounding the opening, the edge of said'peripheral portion being of such size as to engage the tubular portion of the clinching member and to serve as a resisting means for preventing distortion of the stud-engaging bead when the slitted part of the tubular portion is spread outwardly beyond said opening by a tool inserted into the olinching member and pressed in a direction away from the iiange to change the shape of said top.

3. In a two-piece socket, an anvil member having an opening therein and having a substantially dat portion surrounding the opening and adapted to engage one face oi a sheet oi material, a reentrant annular wall on the top of the anvil member and a ciinohing member having a continuous flange adapted to engage the other face of the sheet and having a cylindrical tubular portion passing Ythrough the opening, that part of said portion extending past the opening being slitted and spread about the edge of said dat portion as a fulcrum by axial pressure in a direction away from fiange, said clinching memoer having an inwardly extending stud-engaging bead at the juncture of the tubuiar portion and the fiange thereof, said flat portion of the anvil member having an internal diameter the same as that of the cylindrical portion of the olinching member.

4. In a two-piece socket, a one-piece clinching member having a iiange, a spreadable portion having a distortable part convex toward the iiange and adapted to be spread by axial pressure thereon in a direction away from the flange, and a stud-engaging bead at the juncture of the flange and said portion, and a one-piece anvil member having an opening for the passage of the spreadable portion prior to the spreading thereof and preventing the retraction of the spreadabie portion after the spreading thereof, said anvil member having a fiat portion surrounding the opening and adapted to engage and embrace part of the clinching member between the bead and the spreadable portion to prevent distortion of the bead.

5. In a two-piece non-resilient socket, a onepiece clinching member provided with a flange adapted to engage one face of a sheet of material, a slitted spreadable portion having a terminalY part convex toward the flange prior tc the setting of the member in the socket, and a studengaging bead adjacent the inner edge of the flange, and a one--piece anvil member having an opening therein through which said spreadable portion is passed, said opening being of the same diameter as that of the spreadable portion before spreading, the wall surrounding the opening engaging the outer surface of the clinching member and holding the bead against distortion when the spreadable portion is spread.

6. In a non-resilient socket, a one-piece clinching member having a hat annular flange adapted to engage one face of a sheet of material, and

having an integral slitted spreadable tubular portion provided with a closed top convex toward the flange prior to the setting of said member in the socket, said portion being spread by axial pressure thereon in a direction away from the flange, and said member having an inwardly extending stud-engaging continuous and uninterrupted annular bead at the inner periphery of said flange, Said bead being of less diameter than that of the tubular portion, and a one-piece anvil member provided with a flat annular portion surrounding the tubular portion of the clinching member and of the same internal diameter as the outer diameter of the tubular portion and engaging the tubular portion and adapted to engage the other face of the sheet of material, and spaced teeth on said anvil member projecting away from the annular portion and adapted to enter the sheet.

7. In a non-resilient socket, a clinching member having a substantially flat annular flange, an inwardly projecting annular continuous bead on the inner periphery of the flange, and a spreadable portion projecting at substantially right angles to the flange and terminating in a part adapted to be distorted in a direction away from the flange to increase the diameter of said portion, and means for holding said clinching member to a sheet of material including a ilat member surrounding and directly engaging the spreadable portion of the clinching member and provided with teeth adapted to enter the sheet at points in spaced relation to the spreadable portion of the clinching member.

In a non-resilient socket, a clinching member provided with an annular flange adapted to engage one face of a sheet of material, an inwardly projecting continuous annular bead integral with and on the inner periphery of said flange, said bead being adapted to snappingly engage and disengage a resilient stud, a spreadable tubular portion integral with and extending at substantially right angles to the flange, a top on said tubular portion originally convex toward the flange and moved away from the flange by axial pressure thereon directed away from the flange to spread said spreadable portion, and an anvil member having a fiat annular portion surrounding and of the same internal diameter as the external diameter of the spreadable portion of the clinching member and in engagement therewith and adapted to engage the other face of the sheet, said flat portion of the anvil member having spaced teeth adapted to enter the sheet at points in outward spaced relation to the spreadable portion of the clinching member, said anvil member having a reentrant annular Wall engaging and being interposed in the path of said tubular portion to aid in the shaping of said portion on the assembling movement of said members.

9. In a non-resilient socket, a one-piece clinching member provided with a flange adapted to engage one face of a sheet of material, an inwardly extending continuous bead at the inner periphery of the flange, a spreadable portion extending from the bead at substantially right angles to the flange and adapted to pass through an opening in the sheet, said spreadable portion being distortable by axial pressure in a direction away from the flange, and a cap member having a central annular reentrant wall in the top thereof and having a continuous rim extending downwardly and inwardly from the top, said rim terminating in a at portion adapted to engage the other face of the sheet and of such diameter as to engage the spreadable portion before the spreading thereof and to serve as an anvil against which the spreadable portion of the clinching member is spread into engagement with said reentrant 5 wall.

l0. In a socket, a clinching member having a spreadable partly slitted tubular portion and an imperforate top, and a cap member having an opening in the bottom thereof through which the clinching member is passed, and having an opening in the top thereof, a downwardly and inwardly bent wall surrounding said top opening, the imperforate top of the clinching member being adapted to be distorted and forced into said top opening of the cap by axial pressure upon said top in an upward direction to close said opening, said imperforate top extending convexly between and across said top opening and beinfr arranged below the uppermost part of said Wall.

ll. In a socket, a clinching member provided with a flange adapted to engage a sheet of material, and with a spreadable tubular portion terminating in a part convex toward the flange, and having an internal continuous bead adapted to engage a resilient stud at the juncture of the tubular portion and the flange, and a holding member for securing said clinching member to the sheet, said holding member including a iiat portion having an opening therein of the same inner diameter as the outer diameter of the tubular portion, through which opening the clinching member is passed and spread by axial pressure upon the convex part in a direction away from the flange, and being adapted to engage the other face of the sheet.

12. In a socket, a clinching member having a substantially flat annular flange adapted to engage one face of a sheet of material, an internal bead on the inner periphery of the flange adapted to engage a resilient stud, a tubular portion extending at substantially right angles to the flange and of greater internal diameter than that of the bead, an imperforate top on the tubular portion convex toward the flange, and a holding member for securing the clinching member to the sheet including a at portion adapted to engage the other face of the sheet and having an opening therein of the external diameter of said tubular portion, that part of the tubular portion of the clinching member and beyond the flat portion of the holding member being spreadable by axial pressure on said top in a direction away from the flange to a diameter greater than that of said opening, and a reentrant annular wall formed in the top of the holding member and arranged to engage and shape the top of the tubular portion.

13. In a socket, a clinching member having a substantially at annular flange adapted to engage one face of a sheet of material, an internal bead on the inner periphery of the flange adapted to engage a resilient stud, a tubular portion extending at substantially right angles to the flange and of greater internal diameter than that of the bead, an imperforate top on the tubular portion convex toward the flange, and a holding member for securing the clinching member to the sheet including a flat portion adapted to engage the other face of the sheet and having an opening therein of the external diameter of said tubular portion, that part of the tubular portion of the clinching member and beyond the flat portion of the holding member being spreadable by axial pressure on said top in a direction away from the ange to a diameter greater than that of said opening and substantially closing said opening, and spaced teeth projecting from and integral with said flat portion and arranged in outward spaced relation to the opening and adapted to enter the sheet.

14. In a two-piece non-resilient socket, a onepiece clinching member having a flange adapted to engage one face of a sheet of material, an internal bead thereon adjacent the flange, a tubular portion extending from the bead and closed at the end remote from the bead by a distortable portion, said clinching member being of predetermined length and diameter prior to the setting thereof in the socket, and a cap having an opening therein and having a fiat peripheral portion terminating in an inner edge surrounding the opening, the clinching member being adapted to have the tubular portion thereof passed through the opening and then increased in length and diameter by a tool inserted thereinto and forcing the distortable portion away from the 10 flange and outwardly about the inner edge of the peripheral portion as a fulcrum.

DANIEL I. REITER. 

